About TV studio lighting

In television stations, especially in news programs, the images of the announcers are captured using close-up shots, mainly focusing on the upper body of the announcers. Considering the sensitivity of the camera to light, when arranging the lighting for the television station, the positions and angles of the main light, side light, top light, backlight, contour light, background light and eye light, as well as whether the light is hard or soft, the brightness and contrast of the light, all will have various different effects on the shaping of the announcer's image. Below, Wuhan Kema Film and Television Lighting will introduce to you the basic lighting methods for television stations.

I. Layout of the Main Light

The main light is the primary source of light in a television studio. Its position and effect depend on three factors: facial shape, lighting atmosphere, and light direction. When setting up the lighting in a television studio, other lights are turned off when positioning the main light, and the position and direction of the main light are adjusted. When adjusting the brightness of the main light, the intensity of the other shadowing lights needs to be determined first, then the intensity of the main light is set, and at the same time, it needs to adapt to the brightness requirements of the camera aperture to ensure the effect of the lighting design.

II. Layout of Side Light

The role of side light in television lighting is to supplement the main light and compensate for the shadows produced by the main light. When setting up the main light, it is inevitable that certain shadows will be cast on the announcer's face, affecting the appearance effect of the announcer. At this time, side light needs to be used to eliminate the shadows and reduce the contrast of light and dark on the announcer's face, in order to shape a more perfect screen image for the announcer. For small and medium-sized television studios, usually one to three cameras are used, and 2 to 4 LED film and television flat lamps are used as side light.

III. Layout of Backlight

The role of backlight in television lighting is to enhance the contrast of the lens, separating the announcer from the background, thereby enhancing the three-dimensionality and layering of the television screen. The three-dimensionality of the television screen is largely determined by the angle and contrast of the backlight. When using backlight, the light ray angle should not be too large, and the angle with the announcer should be around 45°; the brightness of the backlight should be related to the main light, and the contrast between the backlight and the main light should be between 1.5:1 and 2:1, neither too bright nor too dim. Use LED spotlights.

IV. Background Light Arrangement

The function of background light is to illuminate the background. In television lighting, the background light is slightly dimmer than the subject light. When arranging background light in a television studio, it is necessary to avoid the residual light from the background light reflecting onto the host. The key point of background light arrangement is to ensure uniform lighting and no shadows. Usually, in a small news studio, only 2 to 3 LED video flat lamps are arranged behind the host to provide background light. During lighting, classification lighting can be used, that is, first arrange the surface and then the points. Differentiate the lighting and utilize the light ratio and light tone to highlight the layers of the scene.